Tiers Monde

Cross-cultural transition :International teachers' experience of 'culture shock"

Culture shock is manifest as anxiety, stress and disorientation, and arises when an individual is confronted with an unfamiliar environment, where existing familiar social patterns are rendered ineffective (Mumfor, 2000) p.155

Oberg in 1954 was the first to introduce the concept of "culture shock". He defiend as "an occuptional disease of people who have been suddently transplanted abroad". p.156

Teachers ecnoutered 'double cutlture schock' (Austin, 2007) and had to adjust simultaneously to an unfamliair host culture (termed"host culture adjustment") and also to an unfamiliar work culture (termed "work culture adjustment"). (p.164)

sojourner 寄居

Postulate=speculate